Compare interventions

Use the same six evidence dimensions for both. This prevents a strong animal result for one product being compared with a human clinical result for another.

First intervention

versus

Second intervention

Mineral and deficiency correction

Magnesium

Useful human evidence

Physiologically essential, clinically useful in defined situations, and chronically over-marketed.

Human clinical outcomes Moderate

Human biomarkers Moderate

Animal lifespan None

Mechanistic plausibility Strong

Safety certainty Strong

Direct longevity relevance Preliminary

Verdict: Magnesium is required for normal neuromuscular and metabolic function. Supplementation is useful when intake or status is inadequate and in selected clinical contexts. Evidence for broad anti-ageing effects, universal sleep improvement or routine high-dose use in replete adults is limited.

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NAD+ precursor

NMN

Early human evidence

Raises NAD-related biomarkers; broad healthspan benefits have not followed reliably.

Human clinical outcomes Preliminary

Human biomarkers Moderate

Animal lifespan Limited

Mechanistic plausibility Moderate

Safety certainty Limited

Direct longevity relevance Preliminary

Verdict: Nicotinamide mononucleotide can raise NAD-related measures in humans, which confirms biological activity. Trials have reported selected metabolic or functional effects, but results are mixed, studies are generally short, and no human evidence shows slower ageing or longer life.

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