Changing gene expression and cell state while preserving the function a tissue needs.
A molecular shift alone does not establish functional restoration.
Each dossier describes the mechanism, studies and development history of a research programme.
5 programmes and 2 articles in this edition.
Life Biosciences
ER-100 brings controlled cellular reprogramming into a Phase 1 study of optic nerve disease. Life Biosciences has announced an interim presentation for 8 October 2026. As of 4 October, those findings have not been presented in the verified sources.
NewLimit
NewLimit develops reprogramming payloads for liver, immune and vascular cells. The company reports animal work on its first liver candidate and plans human studies in 2027.
Retro Biosciences
Retro's reprogramming portfolio includes stem-cell and tissue approaches. Its collaboration with OpenAI has reported engineered transcription factors that improve pluripotency-marker expression in human cells. That laboratory result does not establish a clinical reprogramming therapy or additional years of human life.
Shift Bioscience
Shift searches for interventions that alter age-associated cell states. Its public portfolio separates the single-factor SB000 laboratory work from an SB101 antifibrotic siRNA programme with company-reported mouse evidence. Neither was verified as a human clinical rejuvenation study.
Altos Labs
Altos studies how cells regain health and resilience, combining experimental biology with computational modelling. This is an organisation-level research programme. Foundational cell and animal studies support its approach; no named clinical rejuvenation candidate or human outcome was verified in this dossier.
Reprogramming factors change how cells use their genes. Researchers are testing whether a controlled period of expression can restore selected functions while preserving cell identity.
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ER-100 tests controlled expression of reprogramming factors in an early human study of optic neuropathies. The study assesses safety and vision; an interim presentation is scheduled for 8 October 2026.
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